The distributiveness and heterogeneity of today’s systems of systems, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), on-line banking systems, and contemporary
emergency information systems, require the integration of access and usage control mechanisms, for managing the right of access both to the corresponding
services, and the plethora of information that is generated in a daily basis. Usage Control (UCON) is such a mechanism, allowing the fine-grained policy based management of system resources, based on dynamic monitoring and evaluation of object, subject, and environmental attributes. Yet, as we presented in
an earlier article, a number of improvements can be introduced to the standard model regarding its resilience on active attacks, the simplification of the policy
writing, but also in terms of run-time efficiency and scalability. In this article, we present an enhanced usage control architecture, that was developed for tackling the aforementioned issues. In order to achieve that, a dynamic role allocation system will be added to the existing architecture, alongside with a service grouping functionality which will be based on attribute aggregation. This is structured in accordance to a risk-based framework, which has been developed in order to aggregate the risk values that the individual attributes encapsulate into a unified risk value. These architectural enhancements are utilized in order to improve the resilience, scalability, and run-time efficiency of the existing model.